Dockerイメージ作成

docker container commit(コンテナからイメージ作成)

$ docker container commit [オプション]　コンテナ識別子 [イメージ名{[タグ名]}]

Options	Description
--author,-a	作成者を指定
--message,-m	メッセージを指定する
--change,-c	コミット時のDockerfile命令を指定
--pause,-p	コンテナを一時停止してコミットする

実行例:コンテナからイメージ作成

docker@LesPaul:~$ docker container commit -a "Undercover" webfront undercover/webfront:1.0
sha256:8c8a00a3cdc8dc445b8569e759c7df4739867385a873dcd948a0b94d876acf22
docker@LesPaul:~$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
undercover/webfront       1.0                 8c8a00a3cdc8        33 seconds ago      109MB

実行例:イメージ詳細確認

docker@LesPaul:~$ docker image inspect undercover/webfront:1.0

~中略~

        "DockerVersion": "18.06.1-ce",
        "Author": "Undercover",
]

docker container export(コンテナをtarファイル出力)

$ docker container export コンテナ識別子

実行例:ファイル出力

docker@LesPaul:~$ docker container export webserver > latest.tar
docker@LesPaul:~$ ls -la | grep latest
-rw-rw-r-- 1 docker docker 111124992 10月 25 21:41 latest.tar

実行例:生成されたtarファイルの詳細確認

docker@LesPaul:~$ tar -tf latest.tar
.dockerenv
bin/
bin/bash
bin/cat
bin/chgrp
bin/chmod
bin/chown
bin/cp
~中略~

docker image import(tarファイルからのイメージ作成)

$ docker image import ファイルまたはURL - [イメージ名[:タグ名]]

例:イメージ作成

$ cat latest.tar | docker image import - undercover/webfront:1.1

実行例:イメージ作成

docker@LesPaul:~$ docker image ls
REPOSITORY                TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
undercover/webfront       1.1                 aeab77eba79c        41 seconds ago      107MB

docker image save(イメージ保存)

$ docker image save [オプション] 保存ファイル名 [イメージ名]

実行例:イメージ保存

docker@LesPaul:~$ docker image save -o export.tar ubuntu
docker@LesPaul:~$ ls -la | grep export
-rw------- 1 docker docker  86647808 10月 25 21:53 export.tar

docker image load(イメージ読み込み)

$ docker image load [オプション] 

例:イメージ読み込み

$ docker image load -i export.tar

docker system prune(不要なイメージ/コンテナ削除)

$ docker system prune [オプション]

Options	Description
--all,-a	使用していないリソースを全て削除する
--force,-f	強制的に削除する

実行例:不要なリソースの削除

docker@LesPaul:~$ docker system prune -a
WARNING! This will remove:
        - all stopped containers
        - all networks not used by at least one container
        - all images without at least one container associated to them
        - all build cache
Are you sure you want to continue? [y/N] y
Deleted Containers:
dd72a792e0a7c57a70b7442f827ec355d1e287e26df37299a6aca7667bdbf13c
7e287f339630b1d539c87ff0fa0b09f819233ecfc40ceda8982da56ff11d5f8b

Deleted Images:
untagged: ubuntu:latest
untagged: ubuntu@sha256:de774a3145f7ca4f0bd144c7d4ffb2931e06634f11529653b23eba85aef8e378
deleted: sha256:cd6d8154f1e16e38493c3c2798977c5e142be5e5d41403ca89883840c6d51762
deleted: sha256:2416e906f135eea2d08b4a8a8ae539328482eacb6cf39100f7c8f99e98a78d84
deleted: sha256:7f8291c73f3ecc4dc9317076ad01a567dd44510e789242368cd061c709e0e36d
deleted: sha256:4b3d88bd6e729deea28b2390d1ddfdbfa3db603160a1129f06f85f26e7bcf4a2
deleted: sha256:f51700a4e396a235cee37249ffc260cdbeb33268225eb8f7345970f5ae309312
deleted: sha256:a30b835850bfd4c7e9495edf7085cedfad918219227c7157ff71e8afe2661f63
untagged: undercover/webfront:1.0
deleted: sha256:8c8a00a3cdc8dc445b8569e759c7df4739867385a873dcd948a0b94d876acf22
deleted: sha256:9a4854d752ce57d494247e3263a4f3eaf75dd911d5dfc6e2825f0645d27473c4
untagged: undercover/webfront:1.1
deleted: sha256:aeab77eba79c324184a9ba49010e76f2b5b09937dd115e2b3844fe93b4bbaa27
deleted: sha256:45372a8a59012ec7eb0a11b8cc480523b2f437d5ef14c530097b6ce75d14466f
untagged: nginx:latest
untagged: nginx@sha256:9ad0746d8f2ea6df3a17ba89eca40b48c47066dfab55a75e08e2b70fc80d929e
untagged: undercover/webserver:1.0
untagged: jenkins:latest
untagged: jenkins@sha256:eeb4850eb65f2d92500e421b430ed1ec58a7ac909e91f518926e02473904f668
deleted: sha256:cd14cecfdb3a657ba7d05bea026e7ac8b9abafc6e5c66253ab327c7211fa6281
deleted: sha256:9047d4817dd4203ae4d456888aa5355bc526d274713d6f168359ba61b85b6c00
deleted: sha256:b6eeb6c0e550e93a8b6293a35b2a68931a2af1d21cf8fe8c53bd412359433fdc
deleted: sha256:54a9d685504efad152c1032f37f76ee95bae30607f68bd0ff48a095ebec5d820
deleted: sha256:0b5e1c633ad7fa60f5185ff00ccbff9af3608ba336dc7c01868f9cd0dd8a7137
deleted: sha256:0373335894092868f06432433f14881bd6f09d851931d6e5090601a64e0466f3
deleted: sha256:b4e8f84d7b87e7994e49a190bc35871b23f76d9cab573308fa1ae7401c50dcc6
deleted: sha256:cde912e85b12d50e9e4d056ad3c8cb35853c60291dbe4b319dcd80bcd2ef243c
deleted: sha256:8062b94ccb384de40b6777515f21b895be64218c5296bac3ee6db2ed4c5db9fe
deleted: sha256:a3411e0c109af31befac78bcbd2aba26f893717f645df8d4828bf29772417bc0
deleted: sha256:fb1cc4fe4174cb86f9614cf9ee4c6cecad4c7f0c04ca52c95fd1a7d0d79471e8
deleted: sha256:1fe73f13106502d5c58cc444a71738c518b341fd667fc26058f3e473a3cc559f
deleted: sha256:d3898f75e7b8a2a7e45bfdd351a00c4ad95b743861860635d702378fd073771d
deleted: sha256:46ddeaf1e1efd81fd6cad11c44af4e4ba71cbab32b75f60f8647f025a8874315
deleted: sha256:4e9ac8670c1ea60c504c1dc22e38a177afd782a48e17e81e06ecf60a1c8f4ef0
deleted: sha256:76dc20911db5ba40907269c70aa4ef7caf207ea4aa23818b8db2ff83ba74e1e4
deleted: sha256:b4ff564f2a75c2bc85c8eda2928ec73b13809416658f949d2b55fa24448c08b1
deleted: sha256:2d9c829ae3f7ff3e148e5c7c3a1cf378b0f90b79035e2fe9a8d78c63ccde4c89
deleted: sha256:b1ae7168c6f3e061aa3943740ec3ceaf8e582dc65feab31d2b56d464a5062d59
deleted: sha256:4a495dbc04bd205c728297a08cf203988e91caeafe4b21fcad94c893a53d96dc
deleted: sha256:3b10514a95bec77489a57d6e2fbfddb7ddfdb643907470ce5de0f1b05c603706

Total reclaimed space: 887.3MB

参考資料

https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/container_commit/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/container_export/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/image_import/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/image_save/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/image_load/
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/image_prune/